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Karakteristik pasien hamil dengan penyakit jantung di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar



Abstract

Introduction: Heart disease in pregnancy is one of the causes of the highest morbidity and mortality in pregnancy and labor. 

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of pregnancy in heart disease who were treated at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2017. 

Methods: This study used a retrospective descriptive design. All pregnancies with gestational age > 20 weeks accompanied by heart disease that admitted to ED / obstetric polyclinic Sanglah Denpasar were included. 

Results: There were 45 cases of pregnancy with heart disease, 2.34% of all deliveries. Rheumatic heart disease (37.78%), WHO class IV (40%), age 20-34 years (80.00%), normal body mass index (62.23%), secondary education level (62.22%), previous history of heart disease (53.33%), referral of health facility II (53.34%), primigravida (51.11%), gestational age > 37 weeks (57.78%), single pregnancy (95.56%), the position of the baby's head position (91.49%). Most labor methods were vaginal (53.19%). Post-partum care (5-10 days) 62.22%, intensive care unit 51.11%. 76.60% of neonates were vigorous, 51.06% of neonates had body weighs < 2500 grams. 44.45% did not use post-partum contraception. Case fatality rate (CFR) of maternal mortality with heart disease 17.78%, 37.5% (8 cases) caused by cardiogenic shock, 37.75% cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. 

Conclusion: Heart disease in pregnancy is the highest cause of non-obstetric maternal death in Bali. Early intervention and care are needed to prevent maternal perinatal complications.

 

Pendahuluan: Penyakit jantung dalam kehamilan merupakan salah satu penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas tertinggi pada kehamilan dan persalinan. 

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien hamil dengan penyakit jantung yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar 1 Januari 2016 - 31 Desember 2017.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif retrospektif. Seluruh kehamilan dengan umur kehamilan (UK) >20minggu disertai penyakit jantung yang datang ke IRD/poliklinik kebidanan RSUP Sanglah Denpasar diikutsertakan. 

Hasil: Didapatkan 45 kasus kehamilan dengan penyakit jantung, 2,34% dari seluruh persalinan. Penyakit jantung rematik (37,78%), WHO kelas IV (40%), umur 20-34 tahun (80,00%), indeks massa tubuh normal (62,23%) tingkat pendidikan menengah (62,22%), riwayat penyakit jantung sebelumnya (53,33%), rujukan RS faskes II (53,34%), primigravida (51,11%), umur kehamilan > 37 minggu (57,78%), kehamilan tunggal (95,56%), posisi bayi letak kepala (91,49%). Metode persalinan terbanyak adalah pervaginam (53,19%). Perawatan post-partum (5-10 hari ) 62,22%, perawatan ruang intensif 51,11%. 76,60% bayi bugar, 51,06% berat < 2500 gram. 44,45% tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi post-partum. Case fatality rate (CFR) kematian maternal dengan penyakit jantung 17,78%, 37,5% (8 kasus) disebabkan syok kardiogenik, 37,75% cardiac arrest dikarenakan ventrikel fibrilasi.

Kesimpulan: Penyakit jantung pada kehamilan merupakan penyebab kematian maternal non-obstetrik tertinggi di Bali. Intervensi dan perawatan dini diperlukan untuk mencegah komplikasi perinatal ibu.

Keywords: kehamilan penyakit jantung komplikasi obstetri.

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How to Cite

Warsita, I. G. N., Negara, K. S., Wiradnyana, A. A. G. P., & Aryana, M. B. D. (2019). Karakteristik pasien hamil dengan penyakit jantung di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Medicina, 50(3). https://doi.org/10.15562/medicina.v50i3.715
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I Gusti Ngurah Warsita
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Ketut Surya Negara
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Anak Agung Gede Putra Wiradnyana
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Made Bagus Dwi Aryana
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