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Hubungan ekspresi protein receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa β tinggi dan subtipe luminal a dengan terjadinya metastasis komponen tulang pada pasien kanker payudara

Abstract

Bones are the most common distant metastasis site in breast cancer, especially in advanced stages. Bone metastasis involves continuous interaction between tumor cells, osteoblast, osteoclast, and bone matrix. There are many risk factors regarding distant metastasis sites in breast cancer patients, including breast cancer molecular subtypes and mediator known as Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa β (RANK). In this study, we explore relationships between Luminal A breast cancer and RANK in association with bone metastasis site.This study is a cross-sectional analysis study conducted in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali Denpasar. Estimated sample size was measured using formula to hypothesize between two proportions, and obtained 34 patients as our minimal sample needed in this study. Data will be presented in 2x2 tables, consist of RANK Protein expression and molecular cancer subtype (Luminal A / Non-Luminal A) in row section and Metastasis (Bone Metastasis or Non-Bone Metastasis) in column section. Univariat analysis were done using comparative method between 2 categorical unrelated groups: Chi Square and Fisher’s Exact Test. OR values were measured and p value <0.05 considered to be significant statistically.From these 106 patients, we used nested sampling to randomize these patients into our study sample, with total of 36 patients. The mean age of our patients is 48.64 ± 9.86 years. Luminal A subtypes tends to metastasize into bone component compared with Non-Luminal A subtypes with p value 0.041 and OR: 3.5; with 95% CI (0.82 – 14.84). Tumor with high RANK expressions tends to metastasize into bone component compared with low RANK expressions with p value 0.045 and OR 3.25; with 95% CI (0.81 – 13.03). There is a significant difference statistically in molecular subtype breast cancer and in RANK protein expressions between two patient groups (bone metastasis site vs another metastasis site)

 

Komponen tulang merupakan tempat metastasis jauh tersering pada kanker payudara, khususnya pada stadium lanjut. Metastasis tulang melibatkan interaksi berkelanjutan antara sel-sel tumor, osteoblas, osteoklas dan matriks tulang. Banyak faktor resiko yang mempengaruhi tempat metastasis jauh pada pasien kanker payudara, salah satunya adalah subtipe kanker payudara dan mediator Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa β (RANK). Pada studi ini, kami akan mengkaji hubungan antara kanker payudara Luminal A, ekspresi protein RANK dengan terjadinya metastasis tulang.Studi ini adalah studi potong lintang analisis yang dilaksanakan di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, Bali. Perkiraan besar sampel dihitung menggunakan rumus untuk uji hipotesis komparatif antara dua kelompok kategorik, dan didapatkan sampel minimal yang dibutuhkan sejumlah 34 pasien. Data akan dipresentasikan dalam table 2x2, terdiri dari ekspresi protein RANK dan subtipe kanker payudara (Luminal A dan Non-Luminal A) pada bagian baris, dan tempat metastasis (Tulang dan Bukan Tulang) pada bagian kolom. Dilakukan analisis univariat menggunakan metode komparatif antar dua kelompok tidak berpasangan, yaitu uji Chi-square dan Fischer’s Exact. Dilakukan perhitungan odds ratio (OR) tiap uji komparatif dan p value <0.05 dianggap sebagai signifikan secara statistik.Dari total 106 pasien kanker payudara selama durasi penelitian, kami menggunakan nested sampling untuk randomisasi sampel, dan didapatkan 36 pasien sebagai sampel penelitian. Rata-rata usia pasien adalah 48,64 ± 9,86 tahun. Subtipe Luminal A cenderung untuk bermetastsasis ke tulang dibandingkan dengan subtipe Non-Luminal A dengan p value 0,041 dan OR 3,5; dengan IK95%  (0,82 – 14,84). Tumor dengan ekspresi RANK tinggi juga cenderung untuk bermetastasis ke tulang dibandingkan dengan ekspresi RANK rendah dengan p value 0.045 dan OR 3,25; dengan IK95%  (0,81-13,03)Adanya perbedaan signifikan secara statistik pada subtipe kanker payudara dan pada ekspresi protein RANK antara dua kelompok pasien dengan metastasis jauh tulang dan bukan metastasis tulang.

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How to Cite

Santhiadi, N. G. T., I Wayan Sudarsa, & Tjokorda Gede Bagus Mahadewa. (2021). Hubungan ekspresi protein receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa β tinggi dan subtipe luminal a dengan terjadinya metastasis komponen tulang pada pasien kanker payudara. Medicina, 52(2), 137–142. https://doi.org/10.15562/medicina.v52i2.705

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Nyoman Gde Trizka Santhiadi
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Medicina Journal


I Wayan Sudarsa
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Tjokorda Gede Bagus Mahadewa
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Pubmed
Medicina Journal