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Kadar serotonin serum yang rendah merupakan factor resiko terjadinya eritema nodusum leprosum



Abstract

Background: Type 2 reactions or erythema nodosum leprosum is one of the serious complications of morbus hansen that occurs in patients with poor cellular immunity to Mycobacterium leprae. There are several factors considered to cause ENL such as lepromatous leprosy, patients who have received antileprosy treatment, bacterial index of more than +4, other infections such as Streptococcus, age less than 40 years, pregnancy, trauma or surgery, physical and mental stress. Physical and mental stress. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that can decrease in a state of mental stress. This study aims to prove that low serum serotonin levels are a risk factor for erythema nodosum leprosum in morbus hansen patients.

Method: This study was a case control study conducted at the Dermatovenereology Polyclinic of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar which involved 25 subjects of erythema nodosum leprosum and 25 subjects not erythema nodosum leprosum that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, performed venous blood sampling as material examination serotonin serum level with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 with Pearson Chi Square test to obtain Odds Ratio.

Results: This study showed that serum serotonin levels in the case group were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). Odds ratio for serum serotonin was 12.67 (95% CI=3.308-48.504; p<0.001).

Conclusion: In this study it can be concluded that low serum serotonin levels are risk factors for erythema nodosum leprosum.


Latar Belakang: Reaksi tipe 2 atau eritema nodosum leprosum adalah salah satu komplikasi morbus hansen yang serius yang terjadi pada penderita dengan imunitas seluler yang buruk terhadap Mycobacterium leprae. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang dianggap dapat mencetuskan ENL antara lain kusta lepromatosa, pasien yang telah mendapatkan pengobatan antikusta, indeks bakteri lebih dari +4, infeksi lain seperti Streptokokus, usia kurang dari 40 tahun, kehamilan, trauma atau pembedahan, stres fisik dan mental. Serotonin merupakan suatu neurotransmiter yang dapat menurun pada keadaan stres mental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa bahwa kadar serotonin serum yang rendah merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya eritema nodosum leprosum pada pasien morbus hansen.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian case control study yang dilakukan di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Sanglah Denpasar yang melibatkan 25 subyek eritema nodosum leprosum dan 25 subyek bukan eritema nodosum leprosum yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, kemudian dilakukan pengambilan darah vena sebagai pemeriksaan kadar serotonin serum menggunakan teknik enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 21.0 dengan uji Pearson Chi Square untuk mendapatkan Odds Ratio.

Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa kadar serotonin serum pada kelompok kasus lebih rendah secara bermakna dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Odds ratio untuk serotonin serum adalah 12,67 (95% CI=3,308-48,504, p<0,001).

Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar serotonin serum yang rendah merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya eritema nodosum leprosum.


Keywords: Eritema nodosum leprosum serotonin serum.

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How to Cite

Thungady, E., Mas Rusyati, L. M., & Praharsini, I. (2020). Kadar serotonin serum yang rendah merupakan factor resiko terjadinya eritema nodusum leprosum. Medicina, 51(1). https://doi.org/10.15562/medicina.v51i1.388
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Erick Thungady
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Luh Made Mas Rusyati
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IGAA Praharsini
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